Quick Guide to Welding and Weld Inspection - ASME Press
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Companion Guide to the ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code THIRD EDITION VOLUME 1
Criteria and Commentary on Select Aspects of the
Boiler & Pressure Vessel and Piping Codes
ناشر : موسسه ASME
سال انتشار : 2009
فرمت کتاب: PDF
Dedication to the First Edition
Robert E. Nickell and William E. Cooper
Acknowledgements (to the First Edition)
K. R. Rao and Robert E. Nickell
Acknowledgements (to the Second Edition)
K. R. Rao
Acknowledgements (to the Third Edition)
K. R. Rao
Contributor Biographies
Preface to the First Edition
Preface to the Second Edition
Preface to the Third Edition
Introduction
Organization and Operation of the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee
PART 1: POWER BOILERS — SECTIONS I & VII
OF B&PV CODE
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Power Boilers
Lloyd W.Yoder and John R. MacKay
1.1 Introduction
1.2 History and Philosophy of Section I
1.3 The Organization of Section I
1.4 Scope of Section I: Pressure Limits and
Exclusions
1.5 Distinction Between Boiler Proper Piping and
Boiler External Piping
1.6 How and Where Section I is Enforced and
Effective Dates
1.7 Fundamentals of Section I Construction
1.8 References
1.9 Design Exercises
CHAPTER 2 Section VII—Recommended
Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers
Edmund W.K. Chang and Geoffrey M. Halley
2.1 Introduction
2.2 The Preamble
2.3 Fundamentals—Subsection C1
2.4 Boiler Operation—Subsection C2
2.5 Boiler Auxiliaries—Subsection C3
2.6 Appurtenances—Subsection C4
2.7 Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks—
Subsection C5
2.8 Inspection—Subsection C6
2.9 Repairs, Alterations, and Maintenance—
Subsection C7
2.10 Control of Internal Chemical Conditions—
Subsection C8
2.11 Preventing Boiler Failures—Subsection C9
2.12 Final Notes
2.13 References
PART 2: SECTION II OF B&PV CODE
CHAPTER 3 PART 2, Section II—Materials and
Specifications
Domenic A. Canonico, Elmar Upitis, Richard A. Moen,
Dennis Rahoi, and Marvin L. Carpenter
3.1 History of Materials in the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code
3.2 Basis for Acceptance of Materials for Code
Construction— Section II, Part A: Ferrous
Material Specifications
3.3 Basis for Acceptance of Materials for Code
Construction—Section II, Part B: Nonferrous
Material Specifications
3.4 Section II, Part C: Specification for Welding
Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals
3.5 Basis for Acceptance of Materials for Code
Construction— Section II, Part D: Properties
PART 3: SECTION III — RULES FOR CONTRUCTION
OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT COMPONENTS
CHAPTER 4 A commentary for understanding and
Applying the Principles of the ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code
Roger F. Reedy
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Design Factors Used in the ASME Code
4.3 Design Specifications and Design Reports
4.4 Section III Versus Section VIII
4.5 Design Life and Commutative-Usage Factors
4.6 Service-Level Loadings
4.7 Seismic Evaluations
4.8 Engineers, Design, and Computers
4.9 Containment Vessels
4.10 Tolerances, Significant Figures, and Nominal
Dimensions
4.11 Corrosion and Erosion
4.12 Forming Operations
4.13 Post–Weld Heat Treatment
4.14 Nondestructive Examination
4.15 Hydrostatic Test
4.16 Quality Assurance
4.17 Design Loadings and Stresses Compared to
Actual Conditions
4.18 Post-Construction Postulated Loadings and
Stresses
4.19 Maintenance of Design Margins
4.20 Thermal Relief Devices
4.21 Code Cases
4.22 ASME Interpretations
4.23 Code Simplification
4.24 Future Considerations for Cyclic Service
4.25 New ASME Code–2007 Edition of Section VIII,
Division 2
4.26 Summary
4.27 References
CHAPTER 5 Subsection NCA—General
Requirements for Division 1 and Division 2
Richard W. Swayne
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Article NCA-1000 Scope of Section III
5.3 Article NCA-2000 Classification of Components
and Supports
5.4 Article NCA-3000 Responsibilities and Duties
5.5 Article NCA-4000 Quality Assurance
5.6 Article NCA-5000 Authorized Inspection
5.7 Article NCA-8000 Certificates, Nameplates,
Code Symbol Stamping, and Data Reports
5.8 Article NCA-9000 Glossary
CHAPTER 6 Subsection NB—Class 1 Components
David P. Jones and Greg L. Hollinger
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Design
6.3 Analysis
6.4 Primary Stress Limits
6.5 Primary-Plus-Secondary Stress Limits
6.6 Fatigue
6.7 Special Procedures
6.8 Elastic-Plastic FEA
6.9 References
6.10 Summary of Changes
CHAPTER 7 Section III: Subsections NC and
ND—Class 2 and 3 Components
Marcus N. Bressler
7.0 Introduction to Chapter 7.0
7.1 Articles NC-1000 and ND-1000
7.2 Articles NC-2000 and ND-2000, Material
7.3 Articles NC-3000 and ND-3000 (Design)
7.4 Articles NC-4000 and ND-4000 (Fabrication and
Installation)
7.5 Articles NC-5000 and ND-5000 (Examination)
7.6 Articles NC-6000 and ND-6000 (Testing)
7.7 Articles NC-7000 and ND-7000 (Overpressure
Protection)
7.8 Articles NC-8000 and ND-8000 (Nameplate,
Stamping, and Reports)
7.9 Summary of Changes
7.10 Summary of Changes
7.11 References
CHAPTER 8 Subsection NB, NC, ND-3600 Piping
Donald F. Landers
8.1 Background
8.2 Nuclear Class 1, NB-3600
8.3 Nuclear Class 2 and 3 NC/ND-3600
8.4 Design Process
8.5 Design Specification Discussion
8.6 References
CHAPTER 9 Subsection NE—Class MC
Components
Kamran Mokhtarian and Roger F. Reddy
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Scope of Subsection NE
9.3 Boundaries of Jurisdiction of Subsection NE
9.4 General Material Requirements
9.5 Certified Material Test Reports
9.6 Material Toughness Requirements
9.7 General Design Requirements
9.8 Qualifications of Professional Engineers
9.9 Owner’s Design Specifications
9.10 Certified Design Report
9.11 Design by Analysis
9.12 Appendix F
9.13 Fatigue Analysis
9.14 Buckling
9.15 Reinforcement of Cone-to-Cylinder
Junction
9.16 Plastic Analysis
9.17 Design by Formula
9.18 Openings
9.19 Bolted Flange Connections
9.20 Welded Connections
9.21 General Fabrication Requirements
9.22 Tolerances
9.23 Requirements for Weld Joints
9.24 Welding Qualifications
9.25 Rules for Marking, Examining, and Repairing Welds
9.26 Heat Treatment
9.27 Examination
9.28 Qualifications and Certification of NDE Personnel
9.29 Testing
9.30 Overpressure Protection
9.31 Nameplates, Stamping, and Reports
9.32 Recommendations
9.33 References
9.34 Summary of Changes
CHAPTER 10 Subsection NF—Supports
Uma S. Bandyopadhyay
10.1 Executive Summary
10.2 NF-1000 Introduction
10.3 NF-2000 Materials
10.4 NF-3000 Design
10.5 NF-4000 Fabrication and Installation
10.6 NF-5000 Examination
10.7 NF-8000 Nameplates, Stamping, and Reports
10.8 NF Appendices
10.9 Code Cases and Interpretations
10.10 Summary of Changes
10.11 ASME B31.1 and B31.3 Supports
10.12 References
CHAPTER 11 Subsection NG—Core Support
Structures
John T. Land
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Jurisdictional Boundaries (NG-1130)
11.3 Distinctions Between Core Support Structures,
Internal Structures, Threaded Structural
Fasteners, and Temporary Attachments
11.4 Unique Conditions of Serivce
11.5 Materials of Construction (NG-2000)
11.6 Special Materials
11.7 Fabrication and Installation Rules and
Requirements (NG-4000)
11.8 Examination and Repair (NG-5000)
11.9 Design
11.10 Testing
11.11 Overpressure Protection
11.12 Nameplates/Stamping Effects (NG-8000)
11.13 Environmental Effects (NG-3124)
11.14 Special Bolting Requirements (NG-3230)
11.15 Code Cases (NCA-1140)
11.16 Interpretations for Subsection NG
11.17 Elevated Temperature Applications
11.18 Additional Considerations
11.19 Beyond the State-of-the-Art
11.20 References
11.21 Abbreviations and Nomenclature
11.22 Summary of Revisions
CHAPTER 12 Subsection NH—Class 1
Components in Elevated Temperature Service
Robert I. Jetter
12.0 Introduction and Scope
12.1 Article NH-1000, Introduction
12.2 Article NH-2000, Materials
12.3 Article NH-3000, Design
12.4 Article NH-4000, Fabrication and Installation
12.5 Article NH-5000, Examination
12.6 Article NH-6000, Testing
12.7 Article NH-7000, Overpressure Protection
12.8 Other Component Classes, Components,
and Materials
12.9 Current and Emerging Issues for Nuclear
Components in Elevated Temperature Service
12.10 Future ASME Code Considerations for Nuclear
Components in Elevated Temperature Service
12.11 References
12.12 Summary of Changes
CHAPTER 13 Nuclear Pumps and Valves
Marcus N. Bressler
13.1 Introduction
13.2 General Section III Requirements
13.3 Specific Pump Requirements
13.4 General Requirements for Class 1 Pumps
13.5 NC-3400 Class 2 Pumps
13.6 ND-3400 Class 3 Pumps
13.7 General Requirements for Class 2 and 3 Pumps
13.8 Specific Valve Requirements
13.9 NC-3500 and ND-3500, Class 2 and 3 Valves
13.10 Changes in the 2004 and 2007 Editions
13.11 References
13.12 Additional Documents of Interest
SECTION III DIVISION 2
CHAPTER 14 Code for Concrete Reactor
Vessels and Containments
Hansraj Ashar, Barry Scott, Joseph F.
Artuso and John D. Stevenson
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Future Containment Development
14.3 Background Development of Concrete
Containment Construction Code Requirements
14.4 Reinforced-Concrete Containment Behavior
14.5 Concrete Reactor Containment Design
Analysis and Related Testing
14.6 Code Design Loads
14.7 Allowable Behavior Criteria
14.8 Analytical Models and Design Procedures
14.9 Special Design Features
14.10 Current Organization of the Code
14.11 Article CC-4000: Fabrication and Construction
14.12 Article CC-5000: Construction Testing and
Examination
14.13 Article CC-6000: Structural Integrity Test of
Concrete Containments
14.14 Article CC-7000: Overpressure Protection
14.15 Article CC-8000: Nameplates, Stamping,
and Reports
14.16 Practical Nuclear Power Plant Containment
Designed to Resist Large Commercial Aircraft
Crash and Postulated Reactor Core Melt
14.17 Items Which Should be Considered in Future
Revisions of the Code
14.18 Summary
14.19 References
SECTION III DIVISION 3
CHAPTER 15 Containments for Transportation
and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-level
Radioactive Material and Waste*
D. Keith Morton and D.Wayne Lewis
15.1 Introduction
15.2 Historical Development
15.3 Scope of Subgroup Nupack
15.4 Code Development
15.5 General Provisions
15.6 Specified Loading Categories
15.7 Allowable Stress
15.8 Materials, Fabrication, Installation, Examination,
and Testing
15.9 Code Text Organization
15.10 Current Activities in Division 3
15.11 Suggested Enhancements for the Future
15.12 References
15.13 Summary of Changes
PART 4: CODES FOR B31.1 & B31.3 PIPING
CHAPTER 16 B31.1, Power Piping
Charles Becht IV
16.1 Background and General Information
16.2 Organization of B31.1
16.3 Design Conditions and Criteria
16.4 Pressure Design
16.5 Limitations on Components and Joints
16.6 Design Requirements for Specific Systems
16.7 Design for Sustained and Occasional Loads
16.8 Design Criteria for Thermal Expansion
16.9 Flexibility Analysis
16.10 Supports and Restraints
16.11 Requirements for Materials
16.12 Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection
16.13Examination
16.14 Pressure Testing
16.15 Nonmetallic Piping
16.16 Operation and Maintenance
CHAPTER 17 B31.3 Process Piping
Charles Becht IV
17.1 Background and General Information
17.2 Organization of ASME B31.3
17.3 Design Conditions and Criteria
17.4 Pressure Design
17.5 Limitations on Components and Joints
17.6 Design for Sustained and Occasional Loads
17.7 Design Criteria for Thermal Expansion
17.8 Flexibility Analysis
17.9 Supports
17.10 Requirements for Materials
17.11 Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection
17.12 Examination
17.13 Pressure Testing
17.14 Nonmetallic Piping Systems
17.15 Category M Piping
17.16 High-Pressure Piping
17.17 What’s Being Considered for Future Editions
of ASME B31.3
PART 5: HEATING BOILERS - SECTION IV
& VI OF B&PV CODE
CHAPTER 18 ASME Section IV: Rules for the
Construction of Heating Boilers
Geoffrey M. Halley and Edwin A. Nordstrom
18.1 Introduction
18.2 Part HG: General Requirements for all
Materials of Construction
18.3 Part HF: Requirements for Boilers Constructed
of Wrought Materials
18.4 Part HF, Subpart HW: Requirements for Boilers
Fabricated by Welding
18.5 Part HF, Subpart HB: Requirements for Boilers
Fabricated by Brazing
18.6 Part HC: Requirements for Boilers Constructed
of Cast Iron
18.7 Rules of Part HA: Hot Water Heating Boilers
Constructed Primarily of Cast Aluminum
18.8 Part HLW: Requirements for Potable-Water
Heaters
18.9 Considerations Likely to be in Future Code
Editions
18.10 What Should the ASME Code Committees and
Regulators Consider, Recognizing the Intent
of the ASME B&PV Code?
18.11 Summary of Changes
18.12 References
CHAPTER 19 ASME Section VI: Recommended
About the Author
List of Figures
List of Tables
Chapter 1
Background and General Information
1.1 History of B31.1
1.2 Scope of B31.1
1.3 What is Piping?
1.4 Intent
1.5 Responsibilities
1.5.1 Owner
1.5.2 Designer
1.5.3 Manufacturer, Fabricator, and Erector
1.5.4 Inspector
1.6 How is B31.1 Developed and Maintained
1.7 Code Editions and Addenda
1.8 How Do I Get Answers to Questions About the Code?
1.9 How can I Change the Code?
Chapter 2
Organization of B31.1
2.1 Boiler External Piping and Non-Boiler External Piping
2.2 Code Organization
2.3 Non-Mandatory Appendices
Chapter 3
Design Conditions and Criteria
3.1 Design Conditions
3.1.1 Design Pressure
3.1.2 Design Temperature
3.2 Allowable Stress
3.3 Weld Joint Efficiency and Casting Quality Factors
3.4 Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factors
3.5 Allowances for Temperature and Pressure Variations
3.6 Overpressure Protection
Chapter 4
Pressure Design
4.1 Methods for Internal Pressure Design
4.2 Pressure Design of Straight Pipe for Internal Pressure
Insert 4.1 Sample Wall Thickness Calculation
Insert 4.2 Basic Stress Calculations for Cylinders Under Pressure
4.3 Pressure Design for Straight Pipe Under
4.4 Pressure Design of Welded Branch Connections
4.5 Pressure Design of Extruded Outlet Header
4.6 Additional Considerations for Branch Connections Under External Pressure
4.7 Branch Connections that are Assumed to be Acceptable
4.8 Pressure Design of Bends and Elbows
4.9 Pressure Design of Miters
4.10 Pressure Design of Closures
4.11 Pressure Design of Flanges
4.12 Pressure Design of Blind Flanges
4.13 Pressure Design of Blanks
4.14 Pressure Design of Reducers
4.15 Specially Designed Components
Chapter 5
Limitations on Components and Joints
5.1 Overview
5.2 Valves
5.3 Flanges
5.4 Fittings, Bends, Miters, and Branch Connections
5.5 Bolting
5.6 Welded Joints
5.7 Threaded Joints
5.8 Tubing Joints
5.9 Miscellaneous Joints
Design Requirements for Specific Systems
6.1 Overview
6.2 Boiler External Piping
6.3 Other System Requirements
Chapter 7
Design for Sustained and Occasional Loads
7.1 Primary Longitudinal Stresses
Insert 7.1 Span Limits for Elevated Temperature Piping
7.2 Sustained Longitudinal Stress
7.3 Limits of Calculated Stress from Occasional Loads
Chapter 8
Design Criteria for Thermal Expansion
8.1 Allowable Stress for Thermal Expansion
Insert 8.1 What About Vibration
8.2 How to Combine Different Displacement Cycle Conditions
Chapter 9
Flexibility Analysis
9.1 Flexibility Analysis
9.2 When Formal Flexibility Analysis is Required
9.3 When Computer Stress Analysis is Typically Used
9.4 Stress Intensification Factors
9.5 Flexibility Analysis Equations
Insert 9.1 How to Increase Piping Flexibility
9.6 Cold Spring
9.7 Elastic Follow-Up/Strain Concentration
9.8 Effect of Elastic Modulus Variations from Temperature
Chapter 10
Supports and Restraints
10.1 Overview of Supports
10.2 Materials and Allowable Stress
10.3 Design of Supports
Insert 10.1 Spring Design
Insert 10.2 Stress Classification
10.4 Spring and Hanger Supports
10.5 Fabrication of Supports
Chapter 11
Load Limits for Attached Equipment
11.1 Overview of Equipment Load Limits
11.2 Pressure Vessels
11.3 Other Equipment Load Limits
11.4 Means of Reducing Loads on Equipment
Chapter 12
Requirements for Materials
12.1 Overview of Material Requirements
12.2 Temperature Limits
12.3 Material Limitations
12.4 How to Use the Allowable Stress Tables in Appendix A
Chapter 13
Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection
13.1 Overview of Chapter V
13.2 General Welding Requirements
Insert 13.1 Arc Welding Processes
Insert 13.2 Brazing Process
13.3 Welding Procedure Specification
13.4 Welding Procedure Qualification Record
13.5 Welder Performance Qualification
13.6 Pre-heating
13.7 Heat Treatment
13.8 Governing Thickness for Heat Treatment
13.9 Pipe Bends
13.10 Brazing
13.11 Bolted Joints
13.12 Welded Joint Details
13.13 Miscellaneous Assembly Requirements
Chapter 14
Examination
14.1 Overview of Examination Requirements
14.2 Required Examination
14.3 Visual Examination
14.4 Radiographic Examination
14.5 Ultrasonic Examination
14.6 Liquid-Penetrant Examination
14.7 Magnetic-Particle Examination
Chapter 15
Pressure Testing
15.1 Overview of Pressure Test Requirements
15.2 Hydrostatic Testing
15.3 Pneumatic Testing
15.4 Mass-Spectrometer Testing
15.5 Initial Service Testing
15.6 Re-testing After Repair or Additions
Chapter 16
Non-metallic Piping
16.1 Organization and Scope
16.2 Design Conditions
16.3 Allowable Stress
16.4 Pressure Design
16.5 Limitations on Components and Joints
16.6 Flexibility and Support
16.7 Materials
16.8 Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection
Insert 16.1 Bonding Processes
16.9 Examination and Testing
Chapter 17
Post-Construction
Appendix I
Properties of Pipe and Pressure Ratings of Listed Piping Components
Appendix II
Guidelines for Computer Flexibility Analysis
Appendix III
Useful Information for Flexibility Analysis
Appendix IV
A Practical Guide to Expansion Joints
Appendix V
Conversion Factors
References
Index
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