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What is a Brace
A roof truss is made of several pieces of wood that are joined together. Each piece of the truss is referred to as a "member". A brace is a member that prevents a structural element from buckling or racking. Members are generally subjected to tensile or compressive forces. As shown in figure 1, tension forces tend to pull a member apart while compressive forces tend to push a member together.
When a compressive force becomes great enough, it will tend to buckle or bow a member as shown in the left side of figure 2. This can be demonstrated by placing a yardstick on end on the floor while holding the upper end. When you push down on the upper end, the yardstick buckles in its narrow direction. The right side of figure 2 demonstrates the use of a brace at the middle of the structural member. Under the same compressive force, the brace prevents the member from buckling. This can be demonstrated by applying the same downward pressure on the yardstick with one hand, while restraining it at the middle with your other hand. The yardstick will not buckle under the same pressure.
A brace can also be used to prevent structural elements from racking. The left side of figure 3 shows a rectangular structural frame that is racked due to a force applied to its top corner. The right side of figure 3 shows the same rectangular frame with a diagonal brace added to prevent racking when the same force is applied. The triangles formed by the addition of the diagonal brace are the fundamental basis for the structural design of trusses.
Truss bracing can be broken down into three categories; temporary bracing, permanent bracing of individual truss members, and permanent bracing for the overall stability of the structure.
Temporary bracing
Temporary bracing is used during the erection of roof trusses to prevent the trusses from bucking and falling over during the erection process. It is a series of continuous braces along the top and bottom chords of the truss and may include "X" bracing
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